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J. H. JONES. GULTIVATOR.

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GULTIVATOR.

No. 316,369. Patented Apr. 21, 1885..

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sh`eet 4.

J. H. JONES., GULTIVATOR.

No. 316,369. Patented Apr. 21, 1885.

N. PETERS. Plwzmhagnpncr, wnshinglan, D. C.

n' UNTTE STATns PATENT Trice JAMES HERVA JONES, OF ROOKFORD, ILLINOTS, ASSIGNOR TO EMERSON, TALCOTT 8L CO., OF SAME PLACE.

CULTlVATOR.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 316.369, dated April 21, 1885.

Application tiled September 8, l8c'4.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES HERvA JoNns, a citizen ot the United States, residingin the 'city of Rockford, in the county of Winnebago and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Cultivator, of which the following is a specification.

ribis invention relates to a class of cultivators known as riding straddle-row cultivators, and its object is to produce an improved light-weight steel cu'lttivator at a small cost. To this end l have designed and constructed the cultivator represented in the aecompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a plan view of a cultivator ernbodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation with one wheel omitted. Fig. 3 is a front elevation with drivers seat omitted. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation with the drivers seat omitted. Fig. 5 is a horizontal central section of one of the drag-bars. Fig. 6 is an isometrical representation of whiffletrees adjusted for low draft. Fig. 7 is a sectional representation showing the connection of the arched bar with the drag-bargiand Fig. 8 is an isometrical represent-ation of the shovelblock.

In the figures, A represents the bracketformed axle-arms fitted to receive the carrying-wheels B to revolve thereon. rlhe upper inner end portions of the bracket-formed axlearms A are grooved or recessed on their front and rear faces to receive the end portions of the axle-tree C, and the rear end portions of the curved hounds D. The axle-tree C and the curved hounds D are produced from bar material, preferably of steel,` and are fixed in place to the axle-arms by means of a sufficient screw bolt or bolts passed through their overlapping portions.

At E is represented the tongue or pole, which is of the usual form, made of wood, and its rear end is placed between the forward ends of the hounds, and is fixed in place by means of sufcient screw-bolts passed through the parts.

The several parts, consisting of the bracketformed axle-arms, axle-tree, curved hounds, and tongue, constructed and joined in the manner shown and described, constitute the (No model.)

sists of a central horizontal portion, vertical arms a depending from each end thereof, and horizontal draft arms b projecting laterally outward from the lower ends of the vertical arms a. This draft-bar F is supported in position on the main frame forward of the axletree by means of a transverse bar or crosshead, G, having its rear edge produced in grooved clasp form to embrace the central portion of the draft-bar. This crosshead G, with the draft-bar in place therein, is fixed to the main frame forward of the axle-tree by means of a suitable bolt connecting its central portion with the rear end of the tongue. and staple or hook bolts c connecting its end portions to the outward-curving hound. This cross-head serves the double purpose of connecting the draft-bar to the main frame and supporting the main frame in the connection of the tongue with the curved hounds.

At d are represented rods connecting the outer ends of the draft-arms with the tongue by means of stud-supports d', projecting laterally from the tongue, and fixed in place thereon by means of a screw-bolt extending through the parts.

At d are represented bracerods connecting the outer end of the draft-arms with the axlearms. These brace-rods d and d, in their connection with the main frame and with the draftbar having a connection with the main frame, serve to support the draft-bar to resist the draft-strain, and form a truss to support the main frame at the connections of the tongue with the curved hounds.

At G are rep resented tubular metallic dragbars, having their forward ends fitted with a coupling-yoke, e, to embrace the couplingsleeve e, supported on theV draft-arms of the draft-bar, and are connected therewith by means of a coupling-bolt, e, passedthrough the parts, and are made laterally adjustable in 'roo their connection with the sleeve by means of a series of holes, e, formed' in the rear portion ofthe sleeve to receive the coupling-bolt.

The rear end portions of the tubular dragbars are provided at proper intervals on opposite sides with shovel-supporting brackets, consisting of a semi-tubular sleeve, f, to engage the drag-bar, and a tubular bracket-arm, f@ rectangular in section, projecting laterally from the central portion of the semi-sleeve.

At H is represented a shovel-standard having its upper end Iitted on both sides with a rectangular recess, f, toreceive the projecting end of the tubular bracket f. This tubular bracket-support and the shovel-standard fitted to the support are xed in position on the dragbar by means of a suitable screw-clamping bolt, f, passed through a semi-tubular washer,h,through the drag-bar, the tubular bracket, and shovel-standard. The employment of the semi-tubular sleeve f and the semi-tubular Awasher h in the connection of the shovel-standard with the tubular drag-bar serves to strengthen the bar and compensates for the material removed therefrom in boring the bar to receive the clamping-bolt.

At I is represented a shovel produced from plate-steel in a well-known form. y At K is represented ashovel-back of proper form to engage the rear face of the shovel, to which it is xed by suitable screw-bolts or otherwise. This shovel-back is produced in concave form to engage the rounded front face of the shovel-standard, and it is fitted with a transverse slot, h, of I form in section to receive the head end portion of a lsuitable holding or clamping bolt, 7L, in a manner to permit it to be passed through theslot freely, and that the inner or under face ot' the bolt-head will engage the inner face thereof'. This back with a shovel thereto attached is fixed to the lower end of the shovel-standard by means of the holding or clamping bolt h, which is passed through the standard iitted for its reception, and by means of its screw-nut serves to ix the shovel in place thereon. This construction of the shovel-back and its connection with the shovel-standard is such that the shovel may be readily placed in position on the standard and as readily removed therefrom without removing the clamping or holding bolt from the standard, and permits the shovel to be adj usted on the standard to vary the angle on its face relatively with the line of draft when required to throw the earth either toward or from the plants.

At L is represented a socket-bracket lixed in position on the forward portion of the dragbar by means of a screw-eyebolt, h, passed from the inside outward through the parts horizontally, with the eye of thev bolt projecting laterally from the inner face of the bracket. These eyebolts h are designed to furnish a connection for the cross-head support of a center or fifth shovel or of a furrow-opener when the machine is employed as a seed-planter. This bracket L, immediately above its connection with the drag bar, is bored transversely relatively with the drag-bar in a horizontal plane to receive a foot-lever to oscillate freely therein.

The foot-lever, supported to oscillate in the bracket L, consists of a bearing portion, i, supported in the bracket L, an inclined leverarm,

i. and a pedal-arm, i, on the inside of the drag-bar, to receive the foot of the operator, and an eye-formed lever-arm, fi, on the outside of the drag-bar. The angle formed by the inclined lever-arm z" and the eye leverarm i is preferably slightly less than a right angle.

At M is represented a segment fitted with side ratchet teeth of saw tooth form. The base of these ratehets consists of the bars 7c, having their rear ends engage the axle-tree, to which they are securely iixed by suitable screwbolts. The forward ends of these basebars 7c are curved on their outer face to engage the inner face of the curved hounds, to which they are securely fixed by suiiicient screw-bolts passed through the parts. The construction and connection of these ratchets serve as braces to strengthen the main frame.

The seat-supporting frame is produced from a suitable metallic bar, N, in one piece, bent in V form, having its ends pivotally connected to the base-bars 7c of the ratehets, from which connection it extends rearward over the axle-tree on which it is supported. On the rear end of this seat-supporting frame the drivers seat Pis fixed in a manner capable of a lengthwise adjustment thereon to properly balance the machine to adapt it to the use of parties varying in size or lweight.

At R are represented lifting and holding levers having their fulerum-support on a studjournal projecting from the axial center of the segment-ratchet. These levers are produced on their upper edge in catch form to engage the teeth ofthe ratchets..

At 7c is represented a spring, one end of which is connected to a stud-support projecting inward from the axial center of the segment-ratchets, from which it extends obliquely outward and rearward to engage the lifting and holding lever at a point rearward of its fulcrum-support in such a manner that its spring action will operate to hold the lever in contact with the ratchet in a manner to permit it to be disengaged therefrom by an outward pressure on the rear free arms of the levers.

At 7c is represented a supporting-link employed to connect the forward end of the lifting and holding lever with the eye-formed lever-arm of the foot-lever in such a manner that the vertical movement of the free handle end of the lever R will raise or lower the rear end of the drag-bars, and by means of their connection with the teeth of the segment-ratehets serve to regulate the running depth of the shovels, and, when desired, serve to support the drag-bars elevated for transportation.

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It will further be seen that the connection l asufcient oscillatory movement of the evener of the supporting-link with the foot-lever furnishes the means by which the driver, mounted Pn his seat, by depressing the inclined pedal-arm of the foot-lever with his feet, can ele-l vate the rear ends of the .drag-bars to carry the shovels in turning and getting the 'machine into position for cultivating, or for other purposes requiring the lifting of the shovels.

The upper end of the socket-bracket L is provided with a series of holes, Z, to receive the end portions of a suitable sway-bar.

At S is represented an arched sway-bar produced from bar material in asuitable curving form. The end portions of this sway-bar are produced in the reverse curved form clearly shown in Fig. 7, and are reduced to a rounded form of proper size to freely enter the holes Z in the bracket L, and when in place its reverse curved form serves as a lock to prevent accidental displacement. This sway-bar, S, is designed to connect the drag-bars to hold them in their relative position, and to cause a unison of lateral movement, and by means of the series of holesZ in the brackets L the relative position of the drag-bars may be varied to cultivate closer to or farther from the plants.

At m is represented a bracket-support fixed to the rear end of the tongue, from which it extends rearward, inclining upward;v and to its uprising rear end is pivoted a lever-support, m', in a manner to permit of a swinging movement lengthwise of the cultivator, limited in its upward forward movement to about a vertical position. The upper end of the lever-support m is slotted to receive a supporting-link, m, connecting it with the crowning portion of the sway-bar.

Atm is represented a spiral spring connected at its forward end to the tongue, and at its rear end with the forked end ofthe pi voted leverm in suchamanner that its spring action tends to lift and hold the lever-arm on in a vertical position.

From this construction and arrangement of the parts it will be seen that when the dragbars are depressed to their working position, as shown in the solid lines in Fig. 2, the several parts connected therewith will be in the position therein shown in the solid lines, in which position the tension-line of the spring will be in such position relatively with the fulcrum of the lever-support that its lifting force will be slight. In raising the shovelbeams the lifting force of the spring m will increase to assist in lifting them until the supporting-arm has reached its limited vertical position, as shown in the dotted lines, to support the drag-bars elevated in such a manner that a straight downward pressure on the rear portion of the drag-bars will carry them to their working position.

At T is represented the central portion of an evener, notched on the upper face and pivotally connected at a proper point to the under face of the tongue in a manner to permit on its pivotal connection with the tongue. ,The end portions of this central portion, T, is titted with sockets inclining downward, as represented in dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 6.

At n are represented lever-arms produced in taper form frombar material, having their inner ends fitted to enter the end sockets in the central portion, T, and are removably held in place ,by a pin passed through the parts. The lever-arms a are bent at their connection with the central portion in such a ,manner as to place them in a horizontal plane, as shown in Fig. 3.- The outer ends, a', of these leverarms are bent downward, and ,are perforated to receive a single-tree connection.

Ata are represented single-trees, in this instance produced in a single piece from suitable bar material, and are link-jointed to the downturned ends ofthe lever-arms. These several parts, constructed and arranged as shown in Fig. 3, constitute the highdraft evener, These lever-arms n, with the singletrees attached, are made removable and reversible, and capable of being placed in the v central portion, T, in the position shown in Fig. 6, in which position their outer ends depend and produce a low-draft evener,

By this construction I produce a high and low draft evener capable of use when the machine is employed either as a riding or walking cultivator. This construction ofevener, in connection with the adjustable seat, when the machine is used as a riding-cultivator, furnishes the means of adjustment for balancing the machine to adapt it to operators varying in height or weight, or to be used as a walking-cultivator when the seat is removed, and handles attached' to the beams.

In the cultivation of hilled or rowed plants rapid movements of the shovel-beams or dragbars are required to conform to the sinuosities or zigzag form of rows or hills, and for various purposes the beams require to beoften raised or lowered. For these reasons it is desirable to obtain sufficient strength of beams with the least possible weight. This I accomplish in the employment of wrought tubular metallic beams suitably re-enforced by means of sufficient segments or semi-tubular sleeves to embrace the beams when perforated, or at all needful points. By means of suitable reenforces I am enabled to produce a sufficient 'beam from much lighter tubular material.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination, with the triangular frame consisting of the grooved axle-arms, and the axletree, curved hounds and tongue, of a crank draft-bar, and braces connecting the draft-arms of said bar to the axle-arms and to stud-supports projecting laterally from the tongue, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the main frame and with the cross-head xed thereto, and having its rear edge of groove-clasp form, of a crank formed draft bar supported in the grooved cross-head, substantially as set forth.

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3. The combination,with the segment-ratchet, and with a hand-lifting lever havingapivotal connection therewith, of an obliquely-arranged spring connected with the axial center of the ratchet and with the lever at apoint rearward of its pivotal connection with the segment, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the herein described shovel-standard support, of` a shovelstandard, said shovel-standard recessed on opposite sides to receive the vstandard-support, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of a tubular or cylindrical drag-bar, a shovel-standard support with semi-tubular base to engage the drag-bar, a semitubular washer to engage the side of -the drag-bar opposite the standardsupport, a

shovel-standard recessed to engage the standard-support, and a clamping-bolt extending through the parts to x them in position on the drag-bar, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with the tubular or cylindrical drag-bar, of'a socket-bracket placed thereon, and an eyebolt passed through the parts to fix the bracket in place, and as aconnection to a cross head of a center shovel, as and for the purpose set forth.

7. Thecombination, with the socket-bracket on the drag-bar, of a foot-lever, substantially as described, saidV footlever having` a fulcrumsupport in the socket-bracket and a link-con nection with a lifting and holding lever, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

8. The combination, with the main frame and with the drag-bar, of a socket-bracket fixed to the drag-bar, a foot-lever having its fulcrumsupport in the socketbracket,a handlever and ratchet mechanism fixed to the supporting-frame, and a link connecting the footlever with the hand-lever, substantial] y as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination, with the socket-bracket xed to the drag-bars, of an arched sway bar to connect the drag-bars, said sway-bar fitted to engage the socket-brackets in a self-locking manner, and made adjustable to vary'the distance between the drag-bars, substantially a and for the purpose set forth. 10. The combination, with the bracket-support having a fixed connection with the'rear end of the tongue, of a lever-support pivoted to the free end of the bracket-support, capable of a'limited upward swinging movement in the lengthwise direction ofthe cultivator. sub stantially as and for the purpose set forth.

1l. The combination, with the arched swaybar, and with the lever-support pivotally connected with a bracket-support on the tongue, of a link connecting the sway-bar to the pivoted support, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. 12. The combination, with the lever-support pivotally connected with the bracketsupport on the tongue, of a lifting and supporting spring connecting the free end of the supporting-lever and with the forward portion of the tongue, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. The coinbination,substantially as herein described,.of a sway-bar connecting the dragbars, a link connecting the sway-bar with a pivoted supporting-lever, and a lifting and supporting spring connecting the supporting lever with the main frame, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

14. In a cultivator, the herein described evener, consisting of a central portion having a pivotal connection with the tongue, and provided with inclined end sockets, bent leverarms fitted to the end sockets of the central portion, and outer ends fitted for the connecstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

15. ln a cultivator, the combination, with a seat made adjustable lengthwise of the machine, of an evener having bent lever-arms made reversible, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JAMES HERVA JONES. 

